Tool spindle



April 8, 1941.

G. D. STEWART TOOL SPINDLE Filed April 12, 1937 a huecs-Sheet 2 Willi,

NVVENTOR 430x4- ATTORNEYS.

61' Z izri 5.8214447 BY TOOL SPINDLE Gilbert D. stewaranetrca, Mien,assignmto Ex-Cell-Q Corporation, a corporation of Michigan ApplicationApril 12, 1937. semi No. 136,301

7 Claims. (01. 17-3) This invention relates to boring machines and ithas particular relation to a spindle unit for the boring machine. 7

The use of boring machines for taking rough and h cuts from metalsurfaces defining hearing openings is well lrnown. As an example, suchmachines are used to take finish cuts in wrist l ln openings of pistonsand it will be appreciated that precise boring of the opening in a caseof this lrind is required. In the use of a machine for this purpose, thespindle of the machine is provided with a boring tool and the spindleand tool rotate as axial movement thereof with respect to the worlroccurs. After the cut is completed, the work is axially withdrawn and inmany instances, this axial movement results in scoring of the surfacepreviously cut; Manifestly this scoring is undesirable especially aftera finish and precision out has been taken.

One object of the present invention is to provide an improved,eiiicient, and dependable mechanism for radially retracting the toolfrom the worlr surface after a out has been taken so as to avoid theaforementioned scoring during axial withdrawal of the work.

another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism of the abovedesignated character in a mechanism of the type designated previously,

improved means for positively locking the tool against radial movementexcept when such radial movement is required or desired.

.dnother object of the invention is to provide boring mechanism whereina plurality of tools are used and wherein upon retracting one tool fromits cutting engagement, another tool may be radially moved into acutting position, so that, for example, a part of the bore may be outwith one tool as the work is moved axially in one direction and uponradial retraction of the first tool, that a second tool may be movedinto cutting engagement with another part of the bore for the purpose ofcutting the latter during axial movement of the work in the oppositedirection.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the followingdescription, the drawings relating thereto and from the claimshereinafter set forth.

Reference may now be had to the accompanylng drawings wherein:

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arrangement for a. boring machine embodying one form of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view on a larger scale taken substantiallyalong the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 3, d, 5 and 6 illustrate applications of the invention to specialuses;

Fig. "l is a schematic view illustrating another means for-automaticallyand hydraulically controlling the tool retraction and radial movementthat may be chested in conjunction with the" form of the invention shownby Figs. 1 and 2.

In connection with the drawings, it may be mentioned initially that thebase of the boring machine for supporting the spindle'unit illustratedis not shown. It will be understood that each spindle unit is rigidlymounted on the machine base or on a bridge on the base and that theworlr to be operated upon is mounted upon a reciprocable table. lifterthe worlr is centered with respect to the spindle axis, the spindle isdriven and then during axial movement of the worlr the tool performs itscutting operation. ll'he patent to Alden 2,lldll,553 discloses a machineupon which the herein disclosed spindle units may be mounted as willreadily be understood in considering the patent.

Referring to Fig. i, the spindle-unit includes a spindle bracket inadapted to be mounted on the machine base, and this bracket islongitudi- Figure 1 is an elevational view, partly in cross a nallybored, as indicated at if, for receiving a spindle body it that isfastened therein. This body is of tubular character and adjacent theends thereof, anti-friction ball bearings l3 and it are provided.Threaded collars l6 and fl retain the outer races of these bearings inposition.

The inner races of the bearings are carried by a spindle l8 rotatable inthe spindle body and which projects beyond opposite-ends of the latter.The inner race of the hearing it is held against an external shoulder 20on the spindle by a spacer sleeve 2| extending between the bearings, andthe inner race of the bearing I4 is mounted on a smaller sleeve 22 heldagainst the end of the spacer by a collar 23 that in turn is held inposition on the spindle by a pulley hereinafter to be described.

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent that the spindle isrotatably mounted in the spindle body carried by the bracket l0 and thatthe collar 23 and shoulder 20 onthe spindle position the latter axiallyin the spindle body.

The spindle l8 at its right end is enlarged 'to provide a flange 25 andthe right end face of this flange adjacent its outer edge is recessed,as indicated at II, to provide an annularseat for a retaining ring 21which is secured to the flange by means of circumferentially spacedscrews 28. This retaining ring adjacent its outer end face is providedwith an annular internal shoulder 30. A quill 32 is disposed for radialsliding movement on the end face of the retaining ring 21 and forannular shoulder 34 slidably engaging the inner radial face of theshoulder on the retainer ring 21. The quill is centered with respect tothe locating ring 33 by means of an annular recess 36 in the latterwhich snugly receives a projecting portion 31 on the inner face of thequill, and the quill and locating ring are fastened together by means ofcircumferentially spaced screws 39. For drlvingly connecting theretainer ring 21 to the quill 32, a key 40 fastened'to the retainingring'projects into a radial key way 4| in the face of the quill and thiskey way is of suflicient radial length to permit the necessary andrelative radial movement of the quill with respect to the retainingring.

The quill and locating ring are adapted to be shifted radially and to belocked in two different positions by the following means andin thefollowing manner. A rod 42 extends axially through the spindle and isguided in the closely fitted bore of bushing 43 therein, and has aninner conical portion 44 adjacent its end adapted to seat in andflt aconical recess 46 in the locating ring 33. An outer conical portion 46on the end of the rod projects into a conical recess 41 in the end faceof the quill, but the axis of this recess is radially spaced a slightdistance from the axis of the recess 45. It will be noted that therecess 41 is of such character that with the inner conical portion 46 onthe rod seated snugly in the recess 45 in the locating ring, the outerconical portion 46 on the rod engages one side only of the conicalrecess 41. Now if the rod is pushed to the right from the positionshown, movement of the quill and locating plate in a downward directionoccurs, as seen in Fig. 1, and final movement of the rod to the right toits limit, as permitted by the recess 41, causes the outer conicalportion 46 to seat snugly in the recess 41.

Movement of rod 42- in one direction or the I other therefore will shiftthe axis of the quill and locating ring radially from one position toanother. As illustrated, the axis may coincide with the spindle axis inone position of the rod, and be spaced radially therefrom when the rodis shifted, but it is manifest that the quill and ring axis may bespaced radially from the spindle axis in both positions of the rod. Thebetter balancing conditions are obtained with the axis of the quill andring moving from the spindle axis to positions at opposite sides thereofbut spaced equally therefrom, when the rod is shifted from one positionto the other.

It may be noted here that the upper side of the conical portion 44 andthe lower side of conical portion 46 will substantially maintain contactwith the upper side of recess 45 and the lower side of recess 41 duringshifting of the rod 42 and consequently the quill will not be loose onthe rod at any time during shifting. It is to be understood, however,that one or the other of the conical portions becomes snugly and.positively seated in its recess at the limit of rod movement so as topositively lock the rod in either radial position.

The outer end of the quill is cylindrical, as indicated at 49, and isshown as carrying a plurality of boring tools 50 and 5| disposed ondiametrically opposed sides and in the plane of radial movement of, thequill axis. The work is indicated at 52 and an opening therein at 63,and

with the parts in the position shown, it is apparent that the tool 60may be used for taking a rough cut in the opening when the work ismoving to the left and that after the tool 66 passes beyond the rightend of the opening, the rod 42 may be moved to the right so as toretract the tool from the surface and to dispose the tool 6| in positionfor taking a finish out on the return stroke of the work. i

The foregoing description describes the manner in which the boringoperations may be performed and the tools moved radially from oneposition to the other. The means for rotating the spindle and the meansfor moving the rod 42 will now be described in connection with Fig. 2,which illustrates in greater detail the left hand end of the spindleunit.

As shown by Fig. 2, the spindle |8 has a pulley 56 keyed thereon, asindicated at 61, and the pulley is held on the spindle by means of a nut66 threaded on the latter and which holds the pulley against thepreviously mentioned collar 23. It will be understood that the pulley isdriven by means of a belt extending from a motor on the boring machine.Reference now will be had to the means for reciprocating the rod 42.

The rod 42 extends through a bushing 66 fitted in the left end of thespindle l8 and beyond the end of the spindle a piston 60 is fastened onthe rod by means of a nut 6| which holds the piston against a shoulderon the rod. The piston-is reciprocatory in a cylinder 62 which projectsinto a recess 63 in the pulley and the cylinder is secured to the pulleyby means of circumferentially spaced screws 64. At the left of thepiston, the cylinder has an end flange 66 and a tubular projection 66which snugly but reciprocably receive an end portion 61 of the rod 42which projects beyond the piston 66. I

It will be appreciated that the construction so 1 far described withrespect to Fig. 2 provides a piston and cylinder by means of which therod 42 may be reciprocated depending upon the applicatlon of fluidpressure to one side or the other of the piston, and that the assembly,including the spindle, is driven by the pulley 66.

In order to apply, exhaust, and otherwise control the fluid pressure inthis arrangement, a stationary head 16 is provided which is generally ofcup-shape with the cup portion receiving the tubular portion 66 on thecylinder 62. A bushing 1| is fltted within the cup-shape portion of thehead 10 and snugly but rotatably receives the tubular portion 66 of thecylinder, and this bushing at its inner end has an enlargement 12 whichprojects beyond the right face of the head and slidably engages the endflange 66 on the cylinder. This engagement separates the faces of thecylinder and the head 10 and the parts are held "in this relation by aretaining ring 16, which has an inwardly directed annular flange 11radially overlapping an outwardly directed flange 18 on the cylinder.This retaining ring is secured to the head 10 by means ofcircumferentially spaced screws 19. It will be understood that thebushing 1| and the flanges 11 and 16 hold the cylinder and head in arunning flt relation without involving undesirable friction.

Fluid under pressure is applied to and exhausted from the right side ofthe piston 60 through an inlet 60 in head 10, adapted to be connected toa fluid pressure line, a-passage 3|, an opening 62 in the bushing 1|, anannular groove 83 in the outer surface of the tubular portion 66 of thecylinder, and a radial opening t extending from the groove to theinterior of the tubular portion. The latter opening communicates with anannular recess 85 on rod portion 61, and this space in turn communicateswith a'radial opening 86 in the rod, which in turn communicates withlongitudinally extending passage 81 extending through the rod to a pointbeyond the right side of the piston 60. Here the passage 81 communicateswith a radial passage 08, in turn communicating with the space at theright side of the piston.

fluid is applied to and exhausted from the left side of the piston bymeans oi a connection 09 communicating with an opening 90 in the bushingll, and which in turn communicates with an annular groove Bl in thetubular portion 60. The groove ti in turn communicates with alongitudinally extending passage 03 in the tubular portion lit whichextends to the left side of the passage dli which in turn communicateswith an opening ii in the bushing ll disposed to the right of theopening 02 and groove 00 in the bushing ll and tubular portion'GB,respectively,

rod 42, as seen in Fig. 1, will seat in one or the other of the conicalrecesses before the piston can reach the end wall of the cylinder. Thiswill insure positive seating of the conical ends of the rods in theconical recesses respectively.

Automatic operation of the piston 60, depending upon movement of theworlr, may be accomplished as schematically shown in Fig. i. In thiscase, the cylinder 02 has its fluid connections 80 and as connected tofluid lines H0 and lit leading to a conventional four way valve illhaving 'a fluid pressure line lit connected thereto and an exhaust lineH t. A handle llt for turning the valve is adapted to be moved from oneposition to a reversing position by stops M0 and lit on. the worlrsupporting table, which is indicated at -l I0. Such stops obviouslycould be adjustable as to position. Movement of the work support may beefiected in one direction and then the other by diderent means known inthe art, and a screw for eifecting such movement is generally indicatedat lllil.

. hydraulically controlled system such asshown in and the opening Bl inturn communicates with anannular groove 90 in the outer surface of suchwith a passage ht extending to the space between the end wall on thehead l0 and the end of the tubular portion ht, and this arrangement willprevent the building up of any fluid pressure beyond the left end of therod it and tubular end lit. Passage it also communicates with a passageltt communicating with the space between the end flange at on thecylinder and the head it, and this space communicates with anotherpassage llll extending axially through the cylinder wall and through aportion of the pulley. l

The passage llll communicates with a radial passage llll in the pulleywhich in turn communicates with an annular groove H13 in the internalsurface of the pulley and this groove in turn communicates with a radialopening Hi l in the spindle l0 and bushing 58 which in turn communicateswith an annular groove I05 in the internal surface of the bushing 59. Itmight be noted here that the drilled passage I02 in the,

pulley, lll inrod portion 51 and those leading to the housing H from thefluid line connections 00 and 09 have their outer ends plugged formanifest reasons.

in the patent respectively, or as desired.

As illustrative of further applications of the in... vention, referencemay now be had to lFigs. 3 and t wherein the machine is used to malre afinish cut in the wrist pin openings of a piston. lln

this case, the openings in the walls of the piston are indicated at ltdand ill and the out in opening lid is talren by the tool at and the cutin opening ll l is talten by the tool tl. Initially with the worlr inwithdrawn position, the rod ll (Fig. i) will be shifted to the right bythe hydraulic mechanism to push the quill downwardly, (refer to Fig. 3)so as to allow tool th to clear the side of the opening ltd and thenthe. work is moved to the left to place it in approximately the atrialposition shown. Then the rod ll is shifted I in the other direction soas to move the uill piston in either its left or right position will bespaced from the end walls of the cylinderowing to the fact that theconical end portions oi the upwardly and place the tool llll in thecutting position as shown. This lilrewlse moves the tool bl out ofcutting position and then the worhis moved to the left while the tooltt'performs' its cutting operation. When tool it has passed the rightend of opening I23, tool ill will likewise have passed the right end ofopening lit and then the rod this shifted to cause the quill to movedownwardly to place tool 50 out of cutting position and to place tool Min cutting position with respect to opening lM, as shown by Fig. t. Thenthe worlr is moved to the right, during which time the tool tl willperform its cutting operation in opening ltd and the tool 50 will moveto the left without engaging the side ofppening m.

Figs. ii and 6 show a slightly diflerent form of quill having tools H5and I2t for cutting a bore having dlderent size portions l2'l and M8. Inthis case, the tool I25 cuts the smaller bore portion indicated at I21when the work is moved to the left, and then upon completion of thiscut, thenuill is moved downwardly, as shown by Fig. 6, to place the toolI26 in cutting relation to the larger portion I28 of the bore. Thiscutting operation is performed during movement of the work to the rightduring which tool I will be out of engagement with the bore I21.

Although morethan one form of the invention has been illustrated anddescribed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variousmodifications thereof may be made without departing from the scope ofthe appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In combination, a rotary spindle, a cutting tool member adjustablycarried by the spindle for adjustment transversely of the spindle axis,means including fluid pressure responsive means carried by and rotatablewith the spindle foradjusting the tool, a stationary head having surfacecontact with a portion of the spindle, and means for supplying fluid tothe fluid pressure responsive means including coinciding fluidconducting openings in the contacting surfaces.

2. In combination, a rotary spindle,-a cutting tool member adjustablycarried by the spindle for adjustment transversely of the spindle axis,a cylinder carried by one end of the spindle and having a larger boreand a smaller bore, a piston reciprocable in the larger bore, a rodconnected to the piston and having a portion movable in the smallerbore, cooperating-means on the rod and tool member for effectingadjustment of the tool member when the piston is moved, a stationaryhead having an opening in which the smaller bore portion of the cylinderis rotatably received in closely fitting relation, and means includingpassages in the head and smaller bore portion of the cylinder forconducting fluid to the larger bore;

3. In combination, a rotary spindle, a cutting tool member adjustablycarried on one end of the spindle for adjustment transversely of thespindle, axis, a cylinder on the opposite end of the spindle in axialalignment therewith, a piston in the cylinder, a rod connected to thepiston and projecting'from the inner end of the cylinder, cooperatingmeans on the projecting end of the rod and on the tool member foradjusting the tool member, an extension on the outer end of the cylinderhaving an outer surface concentric to the spindle axis, a stationaryhead having an opening closely fitting said extension, and meansincluding openings in said head and extension for conducting fluid tothe cylinder.

4. In combination, a rotary spindle having spaced radial surfaces at oneend, a tool holder having surfaces substantially fitting the firstsurfaces respectively and which is radially movable thereover, meanslocking the holder to the spindle for rotation therewith, a shankprojecting from the holder in a direction generally axial of the spindleand beyond said end thereof andhav being such that when the member isshifted axially in either direction, the holder is shifted into apositive location and forced into rigid engagement with one radialsurface or the other depending on direction of shifting of themember,and fluid pressure means for maintaining said member and tool holder ineither of the respectively shifted positions.

5. In combination, a rotary tool spindle of tubular; character, meansproviding axially spaced, radial surfaces on one end of the spindle, atool holder having a portion disposed between said surfaces insubstantial contact therewith, said holder having axially arrangedsockets defined by cone sections which have their larger diametersadjacent or axially next to each other and wherein one socket iseccentric to the other, a rod movable axially in the central opening ofthe spindle and having axially aligned conical portions having theirlarger diameters adjacent or axially next to each other, said conicalportions on the rod being disposed in said sockets respectively and thearrangement being such that limited axial movement of the rod ispermitted before one or the other of the conical portion on the rodseats in its socketdepending on direction of movement of the rod,whereby the tool holder will be shifted radially as one or the otherconitive to the spindle and along the axis thereof first in onedirection and then in the opposite direction, means for holding the toolholder in one adjusted position so as to dispose one tool in itsoperative position during relative movement of the table and spindle inone axial direction, and

' .means governed by relative axial movement of the spindle and tablefor shifting the tool holder so as to dispose the other tool inoperative position during relative axial movement of the table andspindle in the other direction, the parts being so constructed andarranged that the tool holder may be shifted either when the tool is oris not rotating.

7. In combination, a rotary spindle, a cutting tool carried bythe'spindle, a support for carrying the work to be acted upon by thetool, means for relatively moving the spindle and support axially of thespindle, means for moving the tool outwardly and inwardly with respectto the spindle axis, means shiftable longitudinally of the spindle axisfor effecting such movement of the tool, fluid pressure means carried byand rotatable with the spindle for shifting the last mentioned means, astationary head having surface contact with a portion of the spindle,means for supplying fluid to the fluid pressure responsive meansineluding coinciding fluid conducting openings in CERTIFiCATE OFCORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,237,692. ApIi 1 19).;1.

. GILBERT D STEWART; It is hereby certified that error appears in theprinted specification of the above numbered patent requiring correctiones follows: Page 5, first column, line 65, for "housing" rea d--bush'ing--; same page, second 'colmnn,- line' 25, for "Fig. 7" read--Fig. 1--; and that the said Letters Patent should be read withthiscorrection therein that the same may conform to the record of the casein the Patent Office. n

Signed and sealed this 13th day of May AQ D. 1911.1.-

. 7 Henry Van Arsdale', (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents;

